Dysbiosis markers - More information
Lactobacillus iners
Lactobacillus iners is commonly present in a healthy vagina but quite often recovered in high numbers in Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) too. Lactobacillus iners is a weaker lactic acid producing strain, which increases the risk of opportunistic bacteria and yeast proliferating. Increasing evidence suggests that Lactobacillus iners is a transitional species that colonises after the vaginal environment is disturbed and offers overall less protection against vaginal dysbiosis and subsequently, leads to BV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. If Lactobacillus iners is detected as the main beneficial strain, we highly recommend probiotics containing stronger strain lactobacillus crispatus to optimise the microbiome.
Opportunistic yeasts
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) occurs when yeast, commonly candida species, superficially penetrate the mucosal lining of the vagina and cause an inflammatory response. The inflammatory response results in copious thick discharge and vaginal irritation, excoriations, dysuria, itching, burning, dyspareunia (painful sex) or swelling. Some small, managed levels of yeast may be tolerable by some women, but if yeast strains are present alongside symptoms, we recommend treatment. Our test can help you match treatment to specific yeast strain.
Opportunistic anaerobic bacteria
These bacteria are generally anaerobic (multiply without oxygen), and are associated with BV if found at relatively high levels to beneficial bacteria. However, every individual is different, and will have different thresholds for experiencing symptoms. Bear in mind, BV only presents with symptoms in about 50% of women. In fertility cases, and other cases in which there are wider health implications, interventions may be appropriate for a level of BV associated microbes that are high or outnumbering beneficial acid producing bacteria. These may include medical or complementary interventions, such as probiotics, diet and lifestyle advice.
Opportunistic aerobic bacteria
These bacteria are commonly associated with Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and pregnancy complications. For this reason, any presence of an aerobic microbe requires attention. We recommend treatment interventions to reduce or eliminate these aerobic bacteria, and importantly restore health promoting lactobacillus via probiotics and diet.
Ureaplasma and mycoplasma
Given these unique bacteria have been implicated in pregnancy complications, as well as driving urgency and frequency of urination, and a burning pain in the vagina for some, these are important microbes to be aware of if they are found to be present. We recommend considering treatment in the context of wider health goals and symptoms for these microbes. The decision to treat with antibiotics should be carefully considered due to the side effects of antibiotics, but for some women this may be necessary and advantageous
