The vaginal microbiome and its role in fertility outcomes
Studies indicate that a healthy vaginal microbiome, one that is primarily dominated by Lactobacillus bacteria, is associated with improved fertility outcomes.
A healthy vaginal microbiome is dominated by Lactobacillus bacteria.
Lactobacillus benefits:
- Lactic acid producing
- Maintain pH 3.7 - 4.5
- Produce bacteriocins, anti-microbial activity
- Adhere to cell walls, creating a barrier to pathogens
- Support sperm viability and embryo implantation
“Overall, the vaginal microbiome of women with healthy, full term pregnancies have been shown to have a stable lactobacilli community.”
When Lactobacillus declines, opportunistic microbes can increase, leading to poor health outcomes.
Opportunistic microbes are associated with:
- Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines
- Increased immune activity
- Less healthy cervical mucus
- Increased risk of PID (and damaged fallopian tubes)
- Reduced sperm motility and function
“Vaginal dysbiosis can carry pregnancy complications including pre-term labour, premature rupture of membranes, second trimester miscarriage, and poorer IVF outcomes.”
Healthcare providers and patients both believe the vaginal microbiome impacts fertility
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