Opportunistic anaerobic bacteria
Gardnerella vaginalis
Gardnerella vaginalis is an anaerobic microbe, associated with Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) if present at a relatively high load. At a low level this bacteria may be harmless. The microbiome fluctuates over the month, so understanding what day of a cycle the test was carried out can be insightful.
Dialister micraerophilus
Dialister micraerophilus is an anaerobic microbe found in a woman’s vagina. Infections involving this microbe are rare, but tend to be gynaecological in nature if reported. This microbe may be implicated in Bartholin’s abscesses.
Fannyhessea vaginae (atopobium)
Fannyhessea vaginae (formerly atopobium vaginae) is an anaerobic organism commonly associated with female genital flora. At significantly high loads, it’s a microbe associated with Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and poorer fertility outcomes in women.
Finegoldia magna
Finegoldia magna is a normal flora of the gut, skin, oral and vaginal microbiomes. It’s a commensal organism that can act as an opportunistic pathogen in rare cases, and can be inflammatory at high levels.
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a bacterium that can colonise the vagina and contribute to Bacterial Vaginosis (BV). It’s also commonly found in the oral microbiome. Fusobacterium nucleatum has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Megasphaera hutchinsoni
Megasphaera hutchinsoni is a bacterium that is associated with Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and can increase the risk of HIV.
Megasphaera lornae
Megasphaera lornae is a bacteria isolated from the vaginal canal. Its rarely found. It’s uncommon,
but may be linked to infections in the urogenital tract.
Megasphaera vaginalis
Megasphaera vaginalis is a type of bacteria that has been associated with Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and other reproductive health issues.
Mobiluncus curtisii
The presence and persistence of M.curtsii has been found to be highly associated with recurrence
of Bacterial Vaginosis (BV).
Aerococcus christensenii
Aerococcus christensenii is a rare bacterial species that can be found in the human vaginal tract and is an uncommon cause of infection.
Mobiluncus mulieris
Mobiluncus is a common Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) associated microbe; it has been isolated
in up to 50% of patients with BV. It has been linked to pre-term birth.
Amygdalobacter indicium
Amygdalobacter indicium are anaerobic, gram-positive bacteria which at high levels are associated with Bacterial Vaginosis (BV). These microbes are uncommon in the vaginal canal.
Amygdalobacter nucleatus
Amygdalobacter nucleatus are anaerobic, gram-positive bacteria which at high levels are associated with Bacterial Vaginosis (BV). These microbes are uncommon in the vaginal canal.
Clostridiales genomosp. BVAB1
BVAB1 is a bacterium associated with Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), causing inflammation, adverse obstetrics outcomes, increased Human Papillomavirus (HPV) risk (adoption and persistence).
Hoylesella timonensis (prevotella)
Hoylesella timonensis, previously known as prevotella timonensis, is a gram-negative bacterium that plays a role in Bacterial Vaginosis (BV). It specifically adheres to the vaginal epithelium and removes the mucin sugars that protect the vaginal epithelium, inducing an inflammatory response in the tissues.
Mageeibacillus indolicus
Mageeibacillus indolicus is an anaerobe bacterium that was first isolated from human endometrial tissue biopsy. It is uncommonly found in the vagina, but if it is it may be associated with Bacterial Vaginosis (BV).
Porphyromonas asaccharolytica
This bacteria are found in the mouth, gut, respiratory tract and genital tract. Porphyromonas species are common members of the vaginal microbiome that increase a woman’s risk for Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), HIV acquisition, gynecological cancer and pre-term birth.
Porphyromonas uenonis
Porphyromonas uenonis are common inhabitants of the vaginal microbiome, but their presence has been linked to adverse health outcomes for women, including Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) and pre-term birth.
Sneathia sanguinegens
Sneathia is an emerging pathogen implicated in adverse reproductive and perinatal outcomes. Recent data suggest that vaginally residing sneathia becomes pathogenic following its ascension into the upper urogenital tract, amniotic fluid, placenta, and foetal membranes, and may contribute to Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), chorioamnionitis, pre-term rupture of membranes, spontaneous pre-term labour, stillbirth, maternal and neonatal sepsis, HIV infection and cervical cancer.
Sneathia vaginalis
Sneathia vaginalis is a gram-negative bacteria found in the vagina and has been associated with pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia, pre-term labour, spontaneous abortion, post-partum bacteremia, alongside an increased risk of Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), and cervical cancer.
Prevotella amnii
Prevotella amnii is a type of bacteria that can be found in the female reproductive tract and is associated with several conditions, including Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), endometritis, and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID).
Prevotella bivia
This bacteria are found in the mouth, gut, respiratory tract and genital tract. Porphyromonas species are common members of the vaginal microbiome that increase a woman’s risk for Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), HIV acquisition, gynecological cancer and pre-term birth.
Prevotella disiens
Prevotella species can be beneficial to gut health and are generally harmless. However, they can
be involved in bacterial infections such as Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), upper genital tract infections and adverse birth outcomes such as pre-term birth.
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